Implementação de um conversor boost para sistema fotovoltaico

Abstract

Considering the growing popularity of photovoltaic generation systems in homes and small businesses, there is an increasing concern regarding the efficiency of these systems and their connection to the electrical grid. Therefore, this work aims to implement a Boost converter to extract the maximum power from a photovoltaic panel array using a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The photovoltaic panel array used in this work has a nominal power of 1320 W, with operating current of 8.88 A and operating voltage of 148.8 V at maximum power, under ideal irradiation and temperature conditions. The converter connects this array to a 250 V DC bus. The inductor current ripple is set at 10% of the nominal operating current, and the voltage ripple on the DC bus is limited to 1% of its nominal value. The converter operates at a switching frequency of 100 kHz. Based on these specifications, the converter was designed and implemented. Open-loop tests were conducted, and the operation was confirmed to be within the design specifications. Thermal tests were also performed, leading to necessary adjustments to ensure proper converter operation. Subsequently, efficiency tests demonstrated a performance of 97.85% at nominal power. Finally, the control loops (inductor current and input capacitor voltage) and MPPT were implemented, followed by tests to verify operational effectiveness. The control system, in conjunction with the MPPT, achieved an average efficiency of 99.6964% in tracking the optimal maximum power points, which confirms the effectivenes of the designed system.