A introdução do veículo elétrico na matriz elétrica brasileira: situação atual e projeções

Abstract

With the proposal of Senate Bill No. 304/2017, which proposes to ban the commercialization of fossil fuel vehicles from 2030 and its circulation after 2040, pushing the massive introduction of electric vehicles into Brazil, this paper sets out to discuss the possible impacts that the insertion of the electric vehicle may generate from the point of view of the national electric matrix. The objects of study of this paper are the national electric matrix and the electric vehicles that will be inserted in it. Thus, in order to carry out the proposed analyzes, it is previously presented general data on the current situation of the national electric matrix and plans and projections to increase electric power generation, as well as general data on the operation of electric vehicles, their batteries and recharging systems.The analysis of impact in the matrix is based on three scenarios, considering fleets of vehicles with 20%, 33% and 100% of electrified vehicles. General power demand data, peak demand for each specific case and relevant comments for each situation are presented. Finally, the study concludes that the electric matrix projected for the year of 2040 would be able to withstand the mass introduction of electric vehicles, as long as it is followed by investments and deployment of a Smart Grid to manage the recharge of the batteries, avoiding the collapse of the system.