Extração de tanino em folhas, sementes e frutos verdes de cinamomo (Melia azedarach L.) com diferentes tipos de solventes

Abstract

The chinaberry (Melia azedarach), also known as barbaric and lilac-holy-of-soldier, is a tree of the Meliaceae family and native to southern Asia. Reaches up to 40 m tall. Its flowers are small and have a lilac color and the fruits are round, fleshy and dark yellow color. The tannins are considered as secondary metabolites and phenolic compounds are of great economic and ecological interest. Has the ability to form complexes with water-insoluble proteins, gelatins and alkaloids. Are responsible for the astringency of many fruit and vegetables due to the precipitation of salivary glycoproteins. The aim of this study was to analyze total tannins in chinaberry (Melia azedarach) by solvent extraction using as samples, leaves, seeds, dried fruits and greens. Solvents used for extraction was: chloroform, methanol and ethanol trade. Was used to extract approximately 5 grams of each sample (in triplicate) and 50 mL of each solvent. The separation of the solvent of the extract was used in greenhouse rotary evaporator and forced circulation of air, to calculate the efficiency.The extract was diluted in 500 mL of distilled water. For the determination of tannins was necessary to use a spectrophotometer UV / VIS 600. After the measurements, it was found that cinnamon leaves obtained the best results, both the yield and the amount of tannin present in the sample, the three solvents used. The solvent which obtained the best results was methanol, with little difference of ethanol with inferior results for chloroform.