Goethe e Newton: a teoria das cores para a discussão entre arte e ciência

Abstract

This dissertation highlights the Study of Colors by Newton and Goethe and analyzes how both are addressed in the Visual Arts Degree course at a State University in southern Paraná. The overall objective was to analyze Goethe and Newton´s Study of Colors and their contributions to art teaching for understanding the nature of Science. Regarding the approach the research is characterized as qualitative, of applied nature, and as the procedures a case study. It has as research universe 21 students from the 1st year and 13 students from the 4th year, 2017. To obtain the data, we chose to use 3 open questionnaires (two diagnoses: initial and final and one for content evaluation). And drawings prepared by academics. The results obtained in the 1 st and 2nd meetings with the 1 st year indicated that the Study of Colors is important for the professional career; the difficulty in sketching a relationship between science and color was evidenced; most of them knew only Newton’s Color Study; Goethe is best cited for his literary work; There was difficulty in relating the interdisciplinary study between Goethe and Newton. At the 3rd meeting, with the 4 th year, they commented that the Study of Colors, in the Visual Arts course, is seen in a brief way; Goethe is little mentioned throughout the course; have greater knowledge of Newton’s Color Study; indicated that both are important and complement each other; listed examples of possible classroom practices. In view of these notes, a game was organized - Study of Colors: Goethe and Newton, from the digital game creation software, Construct 2, to expose both studies in a playful and complementary way, in order to elucidate interdisciplinary relations, complementary aiming at a better understanding of the nature of science. The game was configured as an educational product of this dissertation. Academics consider it a valuable pedagogical and didactic instrument to assist in the Teaching of Colors in Elementary School. The data show that there is a need for more emphasis on the Study of Colors in the Visual Arts course, as future teachers will work with the color phenomenon, which is subjective and depends on the sensitivity of the eyes to be captured. Scholars have found that learning about Goethe and Newton’s Color Studies together helps in understanding how scientists and artists use creativity and imagination as a resource for exploring understanding of experiments.