Desenvolvimento cognitivo e neuromotor analisados a partir de desenhos das crianças

Abstract

The present research aimed at analyzing the neuromotor and cognitive development based on the drawings of students, aged between 6 and 14 years and 11 months, enrolled in the Elementary School I of the Municipal Education Network in the city of Telêmaco Borba, Paraná State, Brazil. The theoretical framework encompassed studies on human development from both philosophical perspectives, such as Aranha (2006), Trevisan (2009), Ventura and Cubas (2011), and psychological and neuroscientific perspectives, including Dolle (1987), Vygotsky (2007), Bock, Furtado, and Teixeira (2011), Prestes (2012), Papalia and Feldman (2013), Ribeiro (2016), Delgado (2018), Piletti, Rossato M., and Rossato G. (2018). To comprehend children's drawings, works by Derdyk (2003), Mèredieu (2006), Cox (2012), Rabello (2014), and Cognet (2014) were consulted. For the study of psychomotor skills, theoretical references included Le Boulch (1987), Sànchez, Martins, and Peñalves (2003), Gonçalves (2009), Fonseca (2012), and Alves (2012). Based on the established theoretical framework, a qualitative, descriptive, and explanatory documentary research was conducted, utilizing Piaget's developmental framework and the characteristics presented by Derdyk (2003), Mèredieu (2006), Cox (2012), Rabello (2014), and Cognet (2014). The drawings used as research data were collected through the Municipal Education Secretariat, as the research did not involve direct contact with students and teachers from the institutions. Based on the data analysis, possibilities for psychomotor interventions were identified to develop neuromotor and cognitive aspects below the expected level for the children's chronological age. Additionally, an educational product, a Training Website, was developed with the aim of equipping teachers to organize activities and objective interventions according to the needs evidenced by the drawings.We consider this research to be highly relevant in the educational field, contributing to the expansion of debates and research in this area.