Ensino de óptica para alunos com deficiência visual: explorando o experimento de Young através do tato

Abstract

Inclusive education is supported by laws that guarantee the fundamental right to education for people with disabilities. Despite this, the inclusion of blind students in physics classes is still a challenge. The goal of this work is to develop a teaching sequence about wave optics with the use of tactile materials, considering Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development (ZDP) theory and Kolb’s learning cycle. A literature review of works from the last 15 years on physics teaching and didactic materials adapted for blind students was made, considering theses and dissertations, articles from the journals Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física and Física na Escola, and works presented at the Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ensino de Física. These productions were analyzed by categories to investigate the gaps and demands in this area, which motivated the construction of tactile artifacts for teaching Young’s experiment and wave optics concepts associated with it, as well as the proposal of a didactic sequence based on the use of these materials. The analysis of the works selected for the literature review indicated that there are still few proposals for teaching optics to visually impaired students and a very small number of didactic sequences with innovative teaching strategies. Therefore, the project presented here can provide visually impaired students with greater autonomy and understanding of concepts associated with visual representations. In addition, it can generate more confidence for teachers who work in inclusive classes.