Síntese e caracterização da hidroxiapatita porosa obtida pela adição de amido

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a material belonging to the calcium phosphate ceramics class and it is widely used in biomaterials´ area because it has properties such as biocompatibility and osteoconduction. In addition to being used in its dense form, its porous form can be adopted for certain applications as a support for the release of hormones, vaccines and antibiotics and as coatings for orthopedic and dental metallic prostheses. Several methods can be used to obtain the porous structure of HA, in which, the addition of organic materials. Thus, this work aims to synthesize HAP through the wet chemical precipitation with subsequent addition of 5 and 10% of starch for the formation of the porous structure. Samples with 5 and 10% starch were compared with pure hydroxyapatite. X-ray diffraction test (XRD) identified the presence of only hydroxyapatite and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of hydroxyapatite and starch bonds in the samples. Thermogravimetry (TG) analysis was essential to determine the degradation temperature of organic material and dilatometry to verify the contraction of HAP during calcination/sintering. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the formation of pores and the morphology of the synthesized hydroxyapatite. Samples with 10% starch showed higher amounts of formed pores.