Métodos e densidades de semeadura para implantação de pastagens de Brachiaria plantaginea syn Urochloa plantaginea

Abstract

Demand for food mainly from animal sources has been increasing in recent years, leading the primary sector to adopt intensive agricultural production systems. Livestock farming integration (ILP) is characterized by the set of crops and reduction cycles in a temporal area. The main problems of ILP are the autumn fodder void, which covers the period between the harvest of the crop and the establishment of the winter pasture until the entrance of the animals. An alternative to this low period is alexandergrass cultivation. The present work is useful the implantation of pastures of papua using different methods and seeding densities. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the UTFPR - Pato Branco Campus, in an experimental design of causal building blocks, with a qualitative factor that consists of four methods of sowing of the papua: implantation with continuous flow sowing machine (SFC); Implantation with disc seed drill (SDD); Seeding to haul plus harrow (SL + G) and seeding to haul (SL). The quantitative factor is four densens of sowing 0,5, 1,5, 2,5 and 3,5 million plants per hectare. As variables analyzed after the implantation of the experiment were: Number of seedlings emerged per hectare (NPE.ha-1); Depth of sowing (PS); Mobilization (MS) Soil cover area (ACS); Production of raw material and dry mass of papu, using pasture management of 20 to 40 cm. The data were submitted to an analysis of variance to observe the differences and interactions among the treatments. The results were submitted to a comparison of results by Tukey test and a polynomial regression analysis, with an error level of 5%. This was found in the factors to a variable NPE.ha-1, being evaluated for format isolated. The method of that possible has not high density of plantes the field was the SDD and conformized the density of the semi-density associated in emergency of seedlings in the field. The sowing methods SFC and SDD show a greater interaction of plants in the depth of 1 to 2,5 cm, which is ideal for the papua. Regarding soil mobilization, the SFC and SDD methods did not differ and the highest percentages. With an area of uncovered soil, the SL method presented a smaller amount of uncovered soil, being not different from the SFC and SDD methods. As the dry and fresh mass production was not found, sdd presented a higher dry and fresh mass production and, in relation to sowing density, it was a positive linear behavior until the 4th cut. sowing density did not provide an increase in papuan dry mass productivity.