Qualidade físico-química e microbiológica da água de poços rurais e urbanos de Dois Vizinhos, Paraná

Abstract

Water is essential and indispensable to life. Of the total fresh water presenton Earth, 97% constitutes groundwater. Ground water is collected through wells, and is mainly used to supply the population, in industrial and agricultural activities. Water abstracted from wells cannot be considered pure because it hás dissolved substances from the air and from the soil, depending on the concentration of such substances and organisms present, they may present human health hazards. With its increasing use, water abstracted from Wells is being increasingly polluted by human activities. This work objectives to characterize the physical-chemical and microbiological analysis of the water quality of rural and urban wells in the Municipality of Dois Vizinhos - PR, through pH, nitrate, nitrite, chloride, sulfate, surfactants, total dissolved solids, BTEX and microbiological analysis. The microbiological analysis was performe in the General Microbiology laboratory of UTFPR-DV, dusing the multiple tubes technique and determination by the most probable number, according to methodology of the National Health Foundation. For performing the physical-chemical tests, a portion of each sample, properly packed in a thermal box, was sent to the Laboratory of Environmental and Agronomic Technologies of the Institute of Technology of Paraná in Curitiba-PR. Another part of the samples, was sent to the General Ecology and General Microbiology Laboratory of UTFPR-DV (for conducting pH, surfactant and total dissolved solids assays), based on methods proposed by APHA. The results of the Wells that are used for human consumption were compared to the maximum values allowed by legislation of MS 2914/11. Among the analyzed parameters, the majority of Wells surveyed presented themselves with in the potability standards proposed by the work, with the exception of two urban wells, which presented nitrate values above the maximum allowed, indicating a possible anthropic contamination and also two wells, one rural and another, urban, that presented total coliforms and Escherichia coli. The results obtained in the work demonstrate the importance of performing physical-chemical and microbiological analysis in waters for human consumption in the region of study, aiming at preserving the health of its consumers.