Otimização da extração de ácido fítico de farelo de trigo por ultrassom

Abstract

Wheat bran (WB) is an abundant by-product rich in bioactive compounds of industrial interest, such as phytic acid (PA), which has attracted attention in the fields of health, environmental applications, nanomaterial synthesis, and the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, the extraction of PA from WB was optimized using ultrasound-assisted extraction with HCl as the solvent. The effects of H⁺ concentration and extraction time were evaluated through a Central Composite Rotational Design (CCRD) and modeled using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The adjusted model exhibited high predictive capacity (R² = 0.909) and indicated an optimal condition of 1.45 mol·L⁻¹ H⁺ and 14 minutes, resulting in a PA concentration of 3230 ± 77 mg·L⁻¹ and a yield of 6.46%. This value lies at the upper limit of the ranges reported for WB, demonstrating the high efficiency of the process. The proposed method proved technically feasible and represents an alternative for adding value to by-products of the grain industry.