Utilização de algoritmo genético na obtenção de parâmetros elasto-plásticos em um processo de estampagem profunda

Abstract

The application of numerical simulations in product development has become increasingly common in the industrial environment. Metal forming represents one of the processes where such simulations can provide enormous advantages, such as, reduction in manufacturing time, increase in product quality, cost reduction and reduction on methods based on trial and error. However, to make use of such a tool is necessary to obtain a very approximate knowledge on how these processes work, with that in mind, it is of great importance to verify how elastic and plastic deformations behave in the material. This information can be obtained by applying the identification of elasto-plastic constitutive parameters. This work aimed to identify these parameters for a deep drawing process. For this, optimization techniques that make use of genetic algorithms integrated with the finite element method (FEM), were applied in order to solve an inverse problem. The solution is verified when the numerical results of a force curve by displacement of the punch approximate the experimental results. Once this occurs, the constitutive parameters have been found. For the most critical case tested, a deviation of 6,7% was found between these curves, which characterizes a great approximation based on the considerations made during the use of the genetic algorithm, thus validating its application in solving related problems.