Implementação de uma bancada para um simulador de microgerador eólico

Abstract

With the increasing of global demanding of electric energy, the renewable resources of generation gain market by the amount of resources and low environment impact. Among them, the wind microgeneration may have many advantages on interconnected or isolated systems. But, this kind of generation is underexplored in Brazil. Aiming contributes for this area development, this paper presents the implementation of a bench to a wind microgenerator simulator, which main elements are: microcontroller, frequency converter (also known as inverter), induction motor, continuous current generator, tachometer, load (lamp) and a monitoring system. For theoretical background, researches and concepts, related with wind energy used during the paper, are presented. After the equipment selection, the bench was assembled in laboratory C-002 of UTFPR (Federal Technology University of Parana). With the result of anemometric data analysis of central region in Curitiba (PR), collected between 2012 and 2013, with the power curve of a selected commercial microturbine, the microturbine shaft velocities were calculated to be used on simulation. On this paper, the microturbine shaft is represented by the induction motor shaft driven by a frequency inverter. To obtain the desired speeds on the motor shaft, it was used a microcontroller connected to inverter. On microcontroller, the calculated speeds are compared to the real motor shaft speed (measured by a tachometer), to execute a proportional control of motor shaft speed. After simulating the microcontroller operation on a computational program, the performance of the physical bench was accompanied by a monitoring system. To close the circuit, an incandescent lamp was used as generator load.