Mapeamento geoestatístico de elementos-traço em bairro industrial da cidade de Curitiba

Abstract

Soil is a layer of organic and inorganic matter that covers the surface of Earth. It is a result of weathering upon the bedrock and has the function of giving nutrients for plant growth, microorganisms and other living beings. Also, it is important for the foundation of buildings and roads. Therefore, it is necessary to keep a constant maintenance of the soil to guarantee its quality, analyzing anthropogenic actions and their impact on the soil. The district of Cidade Industrial de Curitiba (CIC) has the biggest number of industries in the city of Curitiba, and it is also one of the most populous and largest districts. This paper presents data from soil analysis of that region, with data of the trace elements Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb e Zn. Those values were compared with standards, an intervention and a prevention limit for residential areas, according to the CONAMA 420/2009 legislation. In general, almost all of the concentration values obtained for the trace elements are below the standard values. Only one sample had a higher value than the prevention limit, for Ni. To further investigate the region, other analyses were done to obtain values for soil fertility parameters, like textural analysis, pH, Ca, Mg, Al e total organic carbon (TOC). Lastly, a geostatistic mapping was carried for all trace elements and some soil fertility parameters (pH, Al, TOC, sand, clay). This allowed visualization of the data dispersion and to estimate their behavior, correlating them and making a deeper analysis of the district. The obtained results shows that the region most common textural classification is clay, with an acid to neutral pH (typical for Brazilian soils), and a considerably high amount of organic matter. Comparing the results for trace elements with other published papers, it was found similar ranges for the concentration values, for papers both about CIC district and the city of Curitiba.