Utilização dos extratos de Stryphnodrendron adstringens e Allamanda cathartica L. no controle fitopatogênico

Abstract

Brazil has one of the most diverse vegetation in the world, however, the country is one of the largest consumers of agrochemicals, and this exacerbated consumption ends up generating a resistance to pathogens, enabling the search for alternative methods of disease control. In the national flora there are species that have different active ingredients, being extremely important to conduct research to confirm the true plants’ properties, indicating the use of them as suggesting the incorporation of plants derived in new products. The objective of this study was to determine the activity, antimicrobial and antifungal activity present in the extracts of Stryphnodrendron adstringens bark and leaves and flowers Allamanda cathartica L. The antimicrobial ability in vitro of the plant extract was tested in varieties of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . The tests on antibacterial activity were carried out to disk broadcast medium Mueller Hinton agar cultivation, inhibition tests were conducted with the plant extract solutions dissolved in five concentrations, these being 0.01; 0.02; 0.05; 0.1 and 0.2. % (W / v). The solution of Stryphnodrendron adstringens extract at 0.2% concentration inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition halo of 2.1 cm for the extract of flowers Allamanda cathartica L. The inhibition zone was 0.90 cm and 0.99 cm for the extract from the leaves. The inhibition zone for Escherichia coli was 1.8 cm Stryphnodrendron adstringens extract, 0.79 cm for the extract of the flowers and 0.92 cm for the extract from the leaves Allamanda cathartica L. For inhibition tests antifungal were performed at five different concentrations, which were 1; 2; 5; 10 and 20% (w / v), following the same methodology diffusion disks. The solutions Stryphnodrendron adstringens extract showed the best performance in combating anti-fungal. The extract diluted concentration Stryphnodrendron adstringens. The extract solutions showed the best performance in combating anti-fungal. The diluted extract in a concentration of 20% (w / v) showed an average 96% inhibition of the formation of Aspergillus niger colonies, Fusarium oxysporum to 78% and 79% for Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The extracts of the flower Allamanda cathartica L., showed an average inhibition of 72% of the formations of Aspergillus niger colonies, 74% for Fusarium oxysporum and 68% for Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and the extracts obtained from the leaves showed an average inhibition of 74% of Aspergillus niger colony formations, 79% for Fusarium oxysporum and 71% for Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.