Método para identificar e analisar as práticas da indústria 4.0 no setor moveleiro

Abstract

With the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, or Industry 4.0, consumers are changing the way they purchase products and services, causing companies, especially industries, to change their mode of production to meet these demands and requirements. There are countless changes that occur with the practices of Industry 4.0 in industries, whether in the organizational, managerial or technological dimension. The organizational dimension involves human beings. The managerial dimension corresponds to the processes and infrastructure. And the technological dimension corresponds to the acquisition of the technologies of Industry 4.0. Each dimension has its own Industry 4.0 practices. For the implementation of these practices, it is necessary to improve the knowledge about the changes that are occurring, be it in the economic, political, technological or social spheres, as well as the knowledge about the capacity of the industry to adhere to the practices of Industry 4.0. In this context, this work aimed to make a diagnosis about the level of training that the industry has in relation to the practices of Industry 4.0. Through bibliographic research it was possible to define the 3 criteria (dimensions), the 30 alternatives (Industry 4.0 practices), 10 alternatives by criteria that correspond to a total of 116 indicators. After this definition, the research instrument was developed, which consists of the percentage of the expected ideal performance (defined by the director and partners of the researched industry), the percentage evaluated and the difference between it. Thus, it was possible to obtain a percentage / development index for each practice, which was used in the ELECTRE II multi-criteria method, which presented a ranking of the practice with the worst performance in relation to the practice with the best performance. To test the method, a furniture industry was used, located in the Southwest of Parana, containing approximately 200 employees and which sells in the national and international market. The development indices took into account the information from 2015, since the industry has not presented data since its inception, which occurred in 1992. The results show that the practice with the worst performance is the flow of information and knowledge, the managerial dimension. In second place is the practice of hierarchical levels, which corresponds to the organizational dimension and, in third place, the practice of the Internet of Things (IoT), framed in the dimension of technologies. The industry is making investments and modernizing its productive means, however the great difficulty is found in the organizational dimension, which involves changing the pre-existing customs of employees and the culture of the industry, in addition to this dimension being directly linked to the adoption of technologies of Industry 4.0.