Efeito crônico do treinamento funcional na aptidão físico-funcional e na percepção de saúde e qualidade de vida em mulheres idosas

Abstract

Through the growth of the elderly population, só that in Brazil the central factors are related to health and quality of life in the aging process, to maintain independence and autonomy. The context of physical exercises has proven to contribute to the health of the elderly, in addition to the search for physical activity can be considered a control action, according to the theory of useful life. In this regard, we raise the hypothesis that functional exercises can favor physical, mental health and quality of life in elderly women. Objective: to measure the effect of 12 weeks of a functional training program on elderly women, on physicalfunctional fitness, perception of general health, life satisfaction, affections, selfesteem, resilience, cognitive integrity and awareness of quality of life. Method: 10 active elderly women (68.8 ± 5.59 years old) who participated in a program with functional exercises for 12 weeks in Curitiba – PR, performed evaluations in the pre and post treatment periods, of the Functional Test protocol consisting of a 6-minute walk – 6MW, chair stand – CS, arm curl – AC, chair sit-and-reach – CSR, 8-Foot Up-and-Go test – 8Tt and dynamometry – DIN. They also responded to a scale and test protocol to verify the perception of health and quality of life – PSQV, to analyze general health – QSG-12, self-esteem -EaeR, quality of life – WHOQOL (BREF – short version and OLD – for elderly), affection – PANAS, life satisfaction – ESV, resilience – RPE and a MoCA-B cognitive screening test. The variables analyzed using the Wilcoxon non-parametric test of paired measures. Results: the proposed physical training showed changes in physical-functional fitness, with a significant difference for 6MW (p≤0.017), A (cp≤0.014), CSR (p≤0.037) and 8Ft (p≤0.005). Partial changes were observed in the PSQV variables, with a significant difference in SV (p≤0.037) and in the abstraction domain – MoCA-B (p≤0.038). In addition to a decline in the perception of general health, in ESG (p≤0.046) and its sub-item of social dysfunction (p≤0.031), as well as in the environmental domain of WHOQOL-BREF (p≤0.011). Conclusion: it is evident that a proposal for functional exercises can promote physical, functional benefits in life satisfaction, in factors of quality of life, cognitive. Still, based on some factors that suffered a decline, it is concluded that physical exercises demand the participation of other areas focused on the health of the elderly. Because, the complexity presented by this population requires approaches that enable the achievement of adaptive responses to the requirements inherent to age, such as programs that can act in an interdisciplinary way to support this population.