Aspectos de uma estética da negação na poesia de Camilo Pessanha

Abstract

This work aims to present the concept of negation as a way of reading for the poetic work of the Portuguese writer Camilo Pessanha. Initially, we will discuss the concept of denial in different levels (psychological, discursive, and philosophical), constructing our discourse on the terrain of the denial as a philosophical worldview. Secondly, we will turn our attention to central questions that guide and ground the work of Camilo Pessanha in the decadent and the symbolist terrain: How to be in the world? How to position yourself in front of the variety of the world? How to be in the language? With what language to be in the language? In this sense, we aim to answer these questions from reflections on the poetry of Camilo Pessanha, highlighting the fin de siècle Decadentism. Still under the prism of negation, we will draw an analysis on the poems “Paisagens de Inverno” (I and II) in an attempt to approach the concept of scenario, applied by Fernando Pessoa in his poetic work, as a reflection of the negative / melancholic environment inherent in the two poems mentioned above. Moving to the core of the problem of negation, we will analyze the poems "Inscrição" and "Poema final", being, this analysis, anchored in Martin Heidegger's philosophical perspectives implied in the work Being and Time (1927), Jean-Paul Sartre perspectives in Being and Nothingness (1943) and Arthur Schopenhauer in The World as Will and Representation (1819). Since the considerations of literary critics concerning to the sense of negation present in the Fin de siècle poetry, we will study the rejection of the world and the existence of thought as manifestations of the nothingness in Camilo Pessanha’s poetry.