Gestão de recursos humanos: comparação das competências hard skills e soft skills listadas na literatura, com a percepção das empresas e especialistas da indústria 4.0

Abstract

The new industrial age, also called Industry 4.0 and characterized by intelligent, connected, and decentralized factories are changing the machines, the production processes, and their products. It is speculated that these changes also bring challenges as regards the economic structures and the working structure. Industrial systems in constant transformation directly affect the profile of the workforce. Thus, the aim of this study is to compare the hard skills and soft skills competences, listed in the literature, with the perception of companies and Academy specialists of Industry 4.0.To do so, a literature review was carried out to identify the competencies, followed by the construction of the checklist / questionnaire, and the companies selection (DAF Trucks, O Boticário, Klabin, and Tetra Pak) and the academy specialists (UTFPR , UFPR, UEPG, PUCPR, and UP), and finally, by sending / applying the checklist / questionnaire. Therefore, it was observed the hard skills and soft skills competences most relevant to the literature and in the companies and academy specialist’s perception (Man–machine interaction, Adaptability, High Qualification, Interdisciplinarity, Creativity / Innovation, Flexibility, Enabling technologies qualification, and holistic thinking). This allowed us to conclude that there are similarities and differences between literature, companies, and academy specialists in relation to the hard skills and soft skills competences required of the workers of Industry 4.0. The results also help universities adapt to the needs of workers' competencies in the companies, and the human resources sector to develop training for to qualify these competencies, according to the industries requirements.