Caracterização físico-química e atividade antioxidante do mel da abelha Jataí (Tetragonisca angustula) proveniente de diferentes regiões do estado do Paraná

Abstract

The Jataí bee (Tetragonisca angustula) produces a differentiated honey with genuine sensorial characteristics and exceptional qualities: fine, soft, slightly sour that differs from other honeys, a product that presents particular physical and chemical parameters when compared to Apis mellifera. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physico-chemical characteristics (total and titratable acidity, reducing sugars, ash, pH, insoluble solids in water and moisture), adulterants test (Fiehe, Lugol and Lund) according to Normative Instruction 11, October 20, 2000, which includes physicochemical parameters of honey bee Apis mellifera. The antioxidant activity of the honey of the Jataí (Tetragonisca angustula) bee against the DPPH radical was evaluated considering the EC50 and the total phenolic content by the Folin-Ciocalteau method. The data were treated by the statistical program BIOESTAT 5.0, the model used was the descriptive statistic for the survey of the average central measurement and the maximum and minimum values observed. In relation to the physical-chemical parameters, the following minimum and maximum averages were obtained: acidity 68.99 meq/kg (37.55 to 116.94 meq /kg), reducing sugars 64.59% (53.91 to 83.67%), ash 0.27% (0.04 to 0.54%), pH 3.87 (3.49 to 4.41), insoluble solids in water 4.54% (1.93 to 5, 85%) and humidity 25.74% (23.40 to 29.20%). Only results for ashes and adulterants test comply with current honey legislation. In relation to the antioxidant analyzes, for the DPPH the mean EC50 was 252.90 mg / L (192.06 to 379.78 mg / L) and the total phenol content reached a mean of 38.01 mg / 100g ( 23.05 to 79.35 mg / 100g) in gallic acid. The results obtained in this research confirm that the current honey legislation for Apis mellifera does not encompass the physicochemical characteristics of the honey of the Jataí (Tetragonisca angustula) bee, and this work is in addition to related studies for the near future a pattern next to official organs, seeking a specific legislation, with more information for the consumption of this product and exposes the lack of studies on the bioactive compounds present in honey of the Jataí bee.