Invasores: um software para auxiliar o mapeamento de espécies invasoras no Brasil

Abstract

Currently, the intense interaction between humans and nature has led to the introduction of invasive species, an issue that has become increasingly common in society. Invasive species are organisms that, when introduced into new environments, cause serious impacts on local ecosystems. This occurs because they generally lack natural predators in the new area, allowing them to thrive and reproduce uncontrollably, often surpassing native populations and competing unfairly for essential resources. In addition to ecological imbalance, several invasive species are also associated with the transmission of diseases, such as Aedes aegypti, the vector for illnesses like dengue and Zika. Therefore, it is evident that addressing and combating this problem effectively is necessary. Detecting these species is the first step toward eradicating them, making it essential to identify and document the locations where this occurs. In this context, the Invasores platform emerges, developed to assist researchers and citizens in mapping these species in Brazil, contributing to ecosystem preservation and more effective environmental actions. Invasores is a web application developed primarily with JavaScript technologies, featuring a client–server architecture with a React frontend and a Node.js backend, integrated with a PostgreSQL database using the PostGIS extension for geospatial support, in addition to using Docker to facilitate deployment. The present work consisted of implementing the software, culminating in its deployment and availability for testing by the NAPI, which actively participated in the system’s requirements gathering. The platform enables the collaborative recording of observations of invasive species, including location data, taxonomy, descriptions, and images validated by validated by researchers in the field who use the platform, also creating a sense of community. Thus, it creates a comprehensive database that provides a clear view of affected areas and helps prioritize actions to combat invasive species, allowing organizations and researchers to make informed decisions about the issue. Although still in the testing phase, the system shows potential for national application by integrating technology, science, and citizenship in support of environmental conservation.