Desempenho e indicadores de custos de cordeiros terminados em diferentes sistemas de produção

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to verify the performance and cost indicators of Dorper and Santa Inês crossbred sheep, finished for slaughter in different production systems. The experiment was conducted at the Universida de Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus DoisVizinhos - PR, between December 2016 and March 2017.A total of 24 lambs, subdivided into 8 animals per treatment (T), were used, which were denominated as: (T1) aruana pasture without shade; (T2) shaded aruana pasture (silvipastoril); (T3) confinement in sheepfold. In pasture systems the lambs were supplemented with 1.5% of live weight (PV) based on dry matter (DM). In the confinement, a diet with a concentrate to volatile ratio of 80:20 was adopted. Grassland and performance evaluations were performed at intervals of 21 days and when the animals reached the pre-determined live weight of 40 kg, the carcass and non-carcass components were evaluated and the major meat cuts. Also, the analysis of the cost indicators was performed, checking the total operating cost, gross revenue and profit margin considering only the period in the termination phase. The analysis of variance was performed through the PROC GLM procedure and the means compared by the Tukey test at a 5% probability level. The treatments influenced the performance of lambs, especially when compared to grazing and confinement systems. For the animals housed, the best indexes of compactness, weight and yield of the carcass were verified. However, the real yield as well as the main commercial cuts did not differ between the production systems. Similar values were obtained for the loin eye area between the silvopastoral system and confinement, the latter being superior to the unshaded aruana pasture. The yield of non-carcass components differed between treatments. In the analysis of the cost indicators, the largest initial investments were related to the confinement, influenced by improvements and hydraulic and electrical installations. Consequently, the confinement had the highest return on invested capital, if applied in investment funds (savings). The highest total operational cost, inherent to the termination phase, was verified in the confined area. However, the higher gross revenue was linked to the system with shading pasture (silvipastoril), a consequence of the increment of standing wood. The production systems in the shaded, shaded (silvipastoril) and confinement aruana pastures showed negative net margin. The best performance of the lambs was obtained in the confinement, but the systems presented difficulties in paying their debts related to the costs of production, demonstrating economic problems to pay their debts in the finishing phase of the lambs.