Utilização de método decisório multicritérios (MCDM) na avaliação de criticidade dos setores de uma empresa de molduras finger-joint

Abstract

The increasing pursuit of efficiency and competitiveness in the industrial environment demands an increasingly strategic maintenance management approach from companies, focused not only on failure correction but on prevention and resource optimization. In this context, identifying and prioritizing the most critical sectors of the production process becomes essential for directing investments, reducing downtime, and increasing operational reliability. This paper presents the application of the multi-criteria decision-making method TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) for the analysis and prioritization of the criticality of production sectors within a finger-joint wood molding industry. The research integrates quantitative data extracted from the company's system with qualitative judgments from specialists. The methodological process encompassed the selection and classification of cost and benefit criteria, followed by a Pearson correlation analysis to eliminate redundancies and consolidate the final indicators. Subsequently, the criteria were weighted using the Direct Rating method, with the participation of professionals from the controlling area. TOPSIS was then applied, and finally, the sectors were ranked according to their degree of criticality. The obtained results allowed for the identification of the most critical sectors — those whose proximity to the negative-ideal solution is highest — and highlighted the Destopo (Cutting) sector as the most vulnerable, while the Aplainamento (Planing) sector showed the best performance. The comparative analysis demonstrated coherence with the practical perception of the managers, confirming the method's applicability as a decision-support tool. It is concluded that the use of TOPSIS proved efficient in integrating variables of different natures (financial, operational, and human) with maintenance criteria analysis, providing a systemic and objective view of criticality. The proposed methodology contributes to strategic maintenance planning, promoting the rational allocation of resources, prioritization of interventions, and continuous improvement of productive reliability. The study also reinforces the potential of multi-criteria decision methods as industrial management instruments, capable of aligning technical and managerial perspectives in pursuit of greater organizational performance.