Análise comparativa de modelos de treliça em estrutura metálica: uma água e duas águas

Abstract

Mixed warehouses, which combine steel and concrete structures, are among the most widely used options in construction due to their benefits. This structural model typically integrates concrete columns, which offer excellent compressive strength, with metal truss roofing systems that perform well under combined loads. The use of steel trusses in the construction of a warehouse also enables faster assembly and greater design flexibility, providing an efficient and cost-effective solution for various applications, such as storage facilities, factories, sports courts, and pavilions. However, despite these advantages, a key challenge is the proper structural design to achieve maximum efficiency in terms of cost and strength, accounting for external and internal forces acting on the structure. With this in mind, this study focuses on a comparative analysis of the efficiency of three different truss models, assuming they are subjected to identical boundary conditions, such as altitude, terrain type, wind loads, combined loads, and structural dimensions. The objective is to demonstrate the financial and structural impact of proper truss selection and design in a construction project. To achieve this, the study follows a standardized methodology for all models, including: defining boundary conditions, calculating wind loads based on NBR 6123: Wind Actions on Buildings, modeling the structures in CYPE 3D, applying the guidelines of NBR 8800: Design of Steel Structures and Steel-Concrete Composite Structures for Buildings, and verifying load-bearing capacity and buckling resistance through CYPE 3D simulations. The results indicate that the Pratt-style dual-pitched truss requires the least amount of material while withstanding the same stresses as the other models, making it the most cost-effective option in terms of material consumption.