Qualidade de vida no trabalho: construção e validação do questionário QWLQ-78

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of life of workers in the state of Paraná. For that purpose, a new evaluation tool was prepared for assessing the quality of working life (QWL), entitled QWLQ-78. The specific objectives were: to identify, based on literature, what are the physical, psychological, personal and professional indicators to be evaluated; to define what questions should evaluate each indicator; to apply the pilot test, to measure the internal consistency of the questions through alpha Cronbach's coefficient; to apply the instrument in a sample. The construction methodology of the tool was based on the WHOQOL-100 construction methodology, from the World Health Organization's. 65 indicators were listed as having high importance for assessing the quality on working life. The basis for the list of indicators creation were the most respected models of QWL, like the models of Walton, Werther & Davis, Westley, Hackman & Oldham, beyond other important aspects. After the establishment of the indicators, specific questions for each indicator were created. Some indicators had more than one question to be evaluated. Altogether 78 questions were created to assess the 65 indicators of QWL. The pilot test of the questionnaire was administered in 38 employees in two cities in Parana’s State, which were “Ponta Grossa” and “Pato Branco”. After the application of the pilot test, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated, showing the index of 0.92, which is considered a very high index of internal consistency. This evaluation in Paraná consisted in a model of 387 people in 4 cities (Curitiba, Ponta Grossa, Toledo and Pato branco) which gives a modeling error margin of 5% and a confidence interval of 95 %. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the final application was 0.86, also considered a very high index of internal consistency. The instrument was validated by an experienced judge in the "quality of life and quality of working life" theme, who gave a favorable viewpoint. It was made an algorithm to tabulate the answers of QWQL-78 in the program Excel for Windows, which will be available along with the questionnaire itself to help the researcher obtaining the table of the QWL contents of the analyzed employee’s. The results showed that the employee’s QWL of Paraná, from the viewpoint of the physical / health areas, psychological, personal and professional, measured through various indicators, and was valued at 63.34, being satisfactory.