Paradigmas produtivos industriais e modelos de homem: conexões perceptíveis presentes na obra de Alberto Guerreiro Ramos

Abstract

The social behavior and the human cultural level have suffered influence from the technological and material development. The sociologist Alberto Guerreiro Ramos tried to comprehend and explain the human being from his mastership of racionality and the relations with productive organizations. Ramos idealized men as operational, reactive and parenthetic. These models had a paralel existence with three productive and industrial paradigms. such as Fordism, Toyotism, and Volvism, forming a productive trilogy that influenced the technological and organizational development. This dissertation responds the questioning on the perceived conections between Ramos' models of man and the productive paradigms in the passage from the production society to the knowledge society that was evident in the twentieth century. It is been regarded the hipothesis that considers identifiable connections that respond the question proposed by the research. Its confirmation is the aim of this work. The operational man, passive before the productive enviroment, programmable and powered only by material rewards, links more evidently to Ford's model of production, whose static functioning can be compared to a machine. The reactive man who does not link his personal existence to the organizational one, and he is possessor of a more developed rationality and has more flexibility in the productive enviroment. The reactive man connects to the production model of Toyota, that can be compared to a living being. It is the moment of quality and fight againg waiste. The parenthetic man, who is more sophisticated and racional, is able to analize the reality the surrounds him, with isention, as if he were not a part of it. His connection is more evident in the model of Volvo, whose image is linked to a brain, and demands a critic and responsible human being, for having being planned with the focus on the action of the man working in the plant of Uddevala, in Sweden. The parenthetic man holds many of the previous caracteristics, as they possessed its formative roots. The models of man and the productive paradigms are broadly existent and identifiable in productive enviroment of our days. The test of the hipothesis was done with the employees of a company of the food sector and possessor of a high technological level, holding international quality certificates, and being a leader in its segment. The research developed was exploratory and qualitative, the method used was the history of life one. The collection of the data happened through semi-structured interviews, and the samples were selected among the employees of the company with different extensions of time working for the company. The technique analysis of the contents was used for the understanding of the data collected, which was necessary for the decomposition of the information into different categories, however connected.