Os discursos de mulheres sobreviventes de violência doméstica: uma análise dialógica de um podcast narrativo

Abstract

This research, situated in the scope of the Dialogic Discourse Analysis, aimed to analyze how women survivors of domestic violence enunciate themselves in the podcast Atena: elas por elas, launched in 2021. The data consists in confessional reports of women who were victims of violence in affective relationships, contained in seven episodes of the podcast selected for the analysis. Were mobilized in the theoretical reference concepts such as dialogism, ideology and subject in the Bakhtin’s Circle’s conception (Bakhtin (2008 [1963]; 2011 [1979]; 2015 [1930-1936]; 2017 [1920-1924]); Medviédev (2012 [1928]); Volóchinov (2019 [1921-1930]; 2021 [1929]). This study was also theoretically anchored in researches of the field of psychology, (Guimarães; Diniz (2020); Parada; Murta (2020); Ravazzola (1997)), in order to comprehend the subjective relations of women who suffered domestic violence. From the methodological point of view, this qualitative-interpretivist research was based in the sociological method of language study proposed by Valentin Volóchinov (2021 [1929]) and in the dialectic-dialogic method according to Luciane de Paula, Glória di Fanti, Luciano Ponzio e Cristiano Paschoal (2022). The study also assumes as analytical perspective the Dialogic Discourse Analysis, (Acosta Pereira, 2016; 2020; Brait, 2006; 2018; 2020; Paula, 2013; Rohling, 2014), which approach proposes a dialogic posture on the part of the researcher towards the data. Concerning the results of the research in relation to violence against women, this study was organized in two parts: a) the section 4 presents the analysis of the big temporality of the research: an historical overview of violence against women in the Brazilian context, in dialog with discussions around patriarchy and feminism (Bourdieu (2002); Del Priore, 2020; Hooks (2019; 2022); Saffioti (2001; 2015)); and b) the section 5 covers the discourses in the small temporality of the research, namely the discourses of women survivors of domestic violence in the podcast Atena: elas por elas. These analytic sections evidentiate that women once victims of violence, now in the position of survivors, narrate themselves in another chronotope, now subjectivized by new alterity relations which allowed them to appropriate a new surplus of vision concerning the violence of which they were victims and this way transition from the role of victims to subjects who fight for the domestic violence combat. Furthermore, the results revealed the axiological horizon materialized in the podcast, which enframes the discourses of these women só it concretizes its discursive project of arousing indignation in relation to the violence against women and breaking up myths and stereotypes socially constructed around women in situation of violence.