Panorama da coleta seletiva pela cooperativa resíduo solidário do município de Campo Mourão-PR: comparativo dos anos de 2019 a 2021.

Abstract

The National Policy on Solid Waste presents the importance of selective collection in Brazilian municipalities, as a way of implementing shared responsibility for the life cycle of products, together with support for cooperatives and associations of collectors of recyclable materials, entities created in order to generate employment and income for people in situations of social and economic vulnerability. In this context, the present work aimed to analyze the panorama, in the period from 2019 to 2021, of the selective collection of the Cooperativa Resíduo Solidário in the municipality of Campo Mourão - PR. The research involved the collection of information through reports and documents provided by the Secretaria Municipal de Meio Ambiente e Bem-Estar Animal (SEMA), Associação Agenda 21 Local de Campo Mourão (Agenda 21 Local) e Cooperativa Resíduo Solidário (Cooperesíduos). These data were organized annually and monthly, allowing a comparative analysis by waste categories, using spreadsheets and graphs. Data analysis revealed a reduction in the amount of recyclable waste collected during the period studied, as well as in total solid waste, with a difference of 1,000.00 tons less in 2021 compared to 2019. This decrease can be attributed to the pandemic of Covid-19, which impacted consumption and led to the stoppage of economic activities. In 2019, glass was the material most sold by Cooperesíduos, representing 41.6% of the total in terms of quantity. However, plastic was the most profitable, contributing 48.4% of revenue. In 2020, glass continued to be the most representative material in terms of quantity (38.0%), while plastic remained the most profitable (54.0% of revenue). In 2021, paper became the most representative material in quantity (38.8%),followed by glass (34.5%). Paper also stood out in terms of profitability, contributing 42.3% of revenue. Over the three-year period, plastic was the most profitable material, with an average sales value of R$1.14 per kilogram. Paper also showed significant profitability, especially due to cardboard, which reached a value of up to R$1.30 per kilogram in 2021. Faced with the need for joint action by the four social actors - population, public authorities, industries/companies and cooperatives of recycling - for the success of selective collection programs, it is essential to strengthen citizens' awareness and improve separation processes at the generating source. Only in this way will it be possible to promote an effective implementation of selective collection and advance in the search for sustainable solid waste management practices.