Pivô central de irrigação autônomo para cultura de hortaliças e grãos

Abstract

Agribusiness is one of the main economic activities in the country, representing about 30% of the national GDP, generating income, jobs, quality of life and economic development. In the last 60 years, with the optimization of techniques and knowledge of Brazilian soil management, the country has changed its status from a great food importer to the second largest food exporter in the world, feeding about 800 million people around the globe. Irrigation consists of providing water resources to plants at the necessary time and in the correct quantity, so that their development occurs in the best possible way, and can be done by the method of irrigation by mechanized sprinkler, using systems such as central pivots, which consist of technological equipment. that irrigate the plantations through a lateral sprinkler line, composed of mobile towers that keep the sprinklers (water distribution nozzles, rotating or sprays) at a certain height from the ground. This work consists of the development of an irrigation center pivot, capable of serving a planted area of 12.46 m2, with a single­phase 127 V electrical supply and hydraulic supply by a 1/2” connector and pressure of up to 40 mca. The equipment has different operating modes, which are defined by the user through the HMI interface developed in this work using the pic18f4550 microcontroller. In all modes the pivot works with a fixed angular speed and flow. The equipment had its operation tested through the metrics: rotation time, energy consumption, operation of the HMI interface, operation of the energy transfer system (slip ring), electric current of the motor used and the equipment’s water flow. The most metrics stipulated was achieved, therefore the equipment worked correctly as the expected. Suggested improvements are set out in the conclusion of this work.