Modelagem matemática da máquina de indução trifásica para aplicação de controle por orientação de campo

Abstract

Electric machines are one of the principal sources of most countries’ electricity consumption, as they are fundamental parts of various equipment used in industrial, commercial, and residential environments, with three-phase induction machines being one of the most commonly found equipment in these environments. This presence is due to the various advantages that the induction machine has concerning its main competitor, the current-machine continuous operation, such as no sparking and the lowest overall cost for production and maintenance. The replacement of direct current machines by induction machines occurred with the development of modeling techniques that simplify the dynamic modeling based on differential equations of a certain complexity and allow the adoption of different applications. One of these simplification techniques is the field orientation control (FOC) technique, which starts from the MIT three-phase phasor modeling and uses the orthogonal transformation 𝛼𝛽 (or Park and Clarke transformation) to represent the three-phase system in a two-phase system; then, the machine quantities are referred to the rotor flux, which leads to the decouplig of quantities responsible for the torque and flux of this machine. This decoupling enable the implementation of classic controllers to control the magnitudes of the three-phase induction machine, such as speed and torque, which was previously only possible in direct current machines.