Carvão ativado de resíduo sólido têxtil na imobilização de enzimas

Abstract

An alternative to reduce the amount of solid textile waste is the production of activated carbon from 100% cotton jeans. This residue can be used as a support material to immobilize enzymes. Enzymes are proteins capable of catalyzing chemical reactions and, when immobilized, favor their use, and enable their recovery and reuse. At textile industry, they are used on textile processing, aiming the replacing of chemicals that are harmful to the environment, saving energy, reducing resources such as water, reducing process time, among others. Thus, the present work had the objective to immobilizing the enzymes amylases and cellulases in activated carbon produced from solid residues of the textile production. The charcoal was activated with phosphoric acid from the 100% cotton precursor material. The enzymes were immobilized on the material at different times (30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h and 6 h) at 25 ºC and applied in the process of degumming (amylases) and stonage (cellulases). The best amylases activity (26.3 U / g) was obtained at 120 min. And for cellulases (20.3 U / g) at 60 min. Amylases, capable of hydrolyzing starch, ware applied in the degumming process, in which it allowed the absorption of dye solution in the fabric after the process. Cellulases, capable of hydrolyzing cellulose, were applied on stonage process, in which, through a microscopic analysis, was verified a possible fibril remove from the surface and lighten the piece. The support produced proved to be efficient on immobilizing these enzymes, and, in this way, adds value to these textile waste making processes more sustainable and allow the reuse of these biocatalysts.