Formação para o trabalho, pelo trabalho e para além do trabalho: análise dos processos formativos de programadores de software da região Sudoeste do Paraná

Abstract

The main objective of this research was to analyze the training of software programmers from the Local Productive Arrangement (APL) of Information Technology (IT), in the southwestern region of Paraná. Considering the emergence of this sector from the 1990s in Brazil and later its strengthening in the southwestern region of the State of Paraná in the last decade, efforts were made in the constitution of formative processes to meet the demands of qualification of the workforce in the sector. Linked to the existence of APL, the offer of undergraduate courses in public and private institutions in the region led us to consider the training processes in the area of Information Technology an object to be explored, especially from a perspective of work and education studies , passing through the studies of Science, Technology and Society. Therefore, we seek to understand how the training and qualification for the work in the area is carried out, both in the undergraduate courses and in the productive practice itself, analyzing the adherence or not of Higher Education Institutions (IES) to the demands of the productive sector. We also highlight the self-qualification processes through which software programmers, understood by us as an expansion of the exploitation of this workforce, pass. Guided by the theoretical-methodological orientation of the dialectical historical materialism, we carried out an analysis of references on the subject, of guiding documents for the undergraduate courses and of the data obtained in the field research, which included questionnaires and interviews with software programmers from the region and interviews with coordinators of undergraduate IT courses. Faced with this, among many questions, we could conclude the existence of a threefold and constant process of training these workers, composed of formal education, learning in productive practice and self-qualification. These processes, permeated ideologically by the discourses of entrepreneurship, are naturalized leading to the intensification of work and learning. In this way, there is an expansion of the exploitation of its workforce, which, by constantly qualifying, directly implies the production of relative surplus value.