Efeitos de Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis e Trichoderma asperellum na germinação e semeadura de Zea mays (L.)

Abstract

In recent years, the advancement of biotechnology in agriculture has promoted a new productivity strategy on the international scene, bringing benefits to the social, environmental, and economic spheres. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of inoculation of microorganisms on the germination and sowing of Zea mays (L.). The strains Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma asperellum diluted in concentrations of 1%, 5% and 10% were used in the germination test and only the microorganism Trichoderma asperellum in the field sowing. The germination experiment took place at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Soil Microbiology and the sowing took place in a greenhouse on the campus of the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná. In general, all microorganisms used in this test showed significant increases in fresh and dry mass of plumules, fresh mass of radicles and total fresh and dry mass in emerged seedlings, thus denoting more rustic embryos in terms of vigor, in addition to a better contribution of biomass. The results obtained in the germination test indicated that the Trichoderma 1% and 10% treatment promoted better performances in most of the analyzed parameters, in the sowing stage, although the analyzed variables did not present superior results to those obtained in conventional plantings, it was demonstrated that the 5% Trichoderma concentration, promoted important increments in fresh and dry mass of roots, ears and in the total weight of plants, concluding that smaller doses can bring a better cost-benefit ratio to the producer, in terms of plant growth. This study suggests future research that can detail the understanding of the direct action of microorganisms on the physiological structures of plants, especially under adverse conditions.