Influência da variação de velocidades na semeadura da soja em função de diferentes mecanismos dosadores

Abstract

Soy (Glycine max L.) is one of the main crops produced nationally and worldwide due to its high productive potential, having a variety of applications in human and animal nutrition, in addition to having a relevant socioeconomic effect. The sowing time is one of the factors that can most influence the yield of the soybean crop together with the set that will carry out the sowing because the planting precision is an important factor in the efficiency of land use, as the entire production process, it is potentially dependent on the results obtained at sowing. The objective of this work was to evaluate differences in longitudinal deposition of seeds as a function of sowing speed and differences in plantability with different dosing mechanisms, pneumatic and mechanical. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Dois Vizinhos. The design used was randomized blocks in subdivided plots where they were arranged so that factor A (plot), consisted of different dosing mechanisms (pneumatic and mechanical) and factor B (subplot) by sowing speed (3; 5, 7 and 9 km h-1) and 4 repetitions (blocks). The data were subjected to analysis of variance (P <0.05) and when the effect of treatments was significant, the data were subjected to analysis of comparison of means by the Tukey test (5%) with the aid of the statistical program Statistical Analysis System (SAS - academic version). It was concluded that the yield components are affected by the speed where the pneumatic dosing mechanism is superior to the mechanical dosing mechanism, it produced a larger population of plants, PMG and bags ha-1 compared to the mechanical one. This result was due to the ability of the pneumatic seeder to achieve a better longitudinal distribution of the seeds, reducing failure and multiple indexes seeds.