Análise de segurança de tensão em sistemas elétricos de potência, considerando contingências de linhas de transmissão e unidades geradoras

Abstract

Voltage instability problems will continue as long as the Electrical Power System (SEPs) operation and control centers remain committed to respecting load, operational and safety restrictions. This is a major challenge due to the current demand for electricity, difficulty of installing new generation sources and the characteristic of the interconnected system. This work, therefore, assists professionals in this area by presenting a voltage stability study by analyzing and predicting the voltage profile of SEPs through large and small disturbances, which, respectively, refer to contingencies of transmission lines and generating units, and at normal load disturbances. Through static analysis, the Continuous Power Flow (FPC) method was applied, which uses a load increment as a continuation parameter to obtain the loading margin for the system, and together, the use of an effective voltage to find the collapse point. For the modeling of the systems, the active and reactive power limits of generating units were considered, as well as the voltage levels determined by the National Electric System Operator (ONS). Considering these voltage levels, the base case analysis, the control of the operating voltage range through TAP adjustment and the addition of shunt capacitors, besides obtaining the operating safety limits considering the contingencies of power lines transmission and generating units were performed. Finally, by evaluating the results, an increase in the loading margin was obtained, as well as the voltage quality in the busses due to the compliance with the prescribed voltage levels. The SEPs used in this paper were the 14, 30 and 57 bus system of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE).