índice de degradação da bacia de manancial do Ribeirão Jacutinga situada no norte do Paraná

Abstract

The hydrographic basin is a region drained by a set of interconnected rivers, being delimited by its topography. With unrestrained population growth, the expansion of cities has increased over the years and, therefore, generates a need to assess the regional conditions of a hydrographic basin, especially when it is used for urban supply. The Jacutinga basin is located between three municipalities in northern of Paraná state, namely Cambé, Londrina and Ibiporã. The objective of this work was to characterize the sub-basin sections through an index that considers the degree of urbanization, vegetation index and river flow. A geographic database consisting of a Digital Elevation Model, CBERS4A satellite images, hydrographic network and basin boundary was organized. Morphometric characteristics data were generated for each sub-basin stretch, such as compactness coefficient, circularity index, water density, relief ratio, as well as urbanization coefficient, runoff and average vegetation index. These parameters were integrated through the water degradation index, which allowed the identification of the most necessary places in relation to degradation. From the results obtained, it is possible to identify that the areas with the highest degradation index (Dh) are connected to urbanization and the most mandatory stretches of degradation are found in the municipality of Londrina with values ranging from 2.7 to 25.2 and Cambé, where the source of the main course is located with a Dh of 3.8. In the municipality of Ibiporã, it is where the lowest levels of degradation in the basin are found, with values of 0.02 and 0.09. It is expected that this study will serve as a database for the management and planning of urban recovery and expansion in the three municipalities.