Aprendizagem ativa no ensino de física: uma proposta para o ensino de energia mecânica

Abstract

A change in the physics teaching paradigm is becoming increasingly necessary due to the profile of students and technologies. In this sense, this work presents a proposal for physics classes, with regard to the design of mechanical energy using an active methodology. The proposal for a potentially significant object, with a view to learning, was the construction of a small-scale hydroelectric plant. Through mental representation schemes, built before and after the application of the product, it was found that the methodological approach, in which the student is part of the knowledge construction process, managed to increase and qualify the concepts related to mechanical energy and transformation power. The research showed the participation of students in the project, differently from the only expository classes and the interest in individual research for new concepts, which comprised the construction of the plant. The work showed that the students were able to relate in a more structured and specific way the concepts of kinetic energy, potential energy, mechanical energy, electrical energy, energy transformation and energy sources.