Análise cienciométrica de metodologias ativas no ensino de viroses na educação básica no período de 2010 a 2020

Abstract

Active Methodologies are pedagogical strategies that define students as subjects of their actions. In this context, it is questioned how the approach of topics related to health in Natural Sciences are articulated in the teachinglearning process. In teaching viruses in basic education, the researches are precarious, and there are few studies involving teaching materials. However, the number of people infected with viral diseases in the country is high, and there is a clear need for an integrated approach between the human body, health and the environment. Quantifying scientific publications and identifying trends in studies concerning this area means assessing the current state of research. In this sense, this research aimed to carry out a scientometric analysis to identify trends in the scientific literature on the use of active methodologies in teaching viruses in Basic Education. For this purpose, the Google Scholar search platforms were used, applying “active methodologies” AND “viruses” OR “virus” as a search term. The research period was defined between 2010 and 2020. In the last 10 years, 833 publications were found. Of this total, 59 publications were selected because they fit the research objective. Publications in the area were found only after 2013, increasing their number and reaching their peak in 2019. The types of publications found were Articles, Course Conclusion Papers, book chapters, e-books and Abstracts/proceedings in congresses. Viruses have been separated into three categories to facilitate analysis: Arboviruses, STDs and viral diseases in general. There was an increase in the number of publications related to Arboviruses and Viral Diseases in general, probably due to the increase in the number of cases of related diseases in the country. Regarding STDs, the number of publications as of 2016 is evident. In general, Viruses was the highest number of publications found (41%), followed by STDs (33%) and finally Arboviroses (26%). In total, 12 active methodologies were used to teach viruses, such as Action Research, Circle Dynamics, Board Games, Audiovisual Resources, Creation of Prevention Booklets and Creation of Audiovisual Content. The panorama made by the scientometric analysis of this research opens doors for discussions related to public policies in education and health. Proposals for active methodologies must bring in their scope, in addition to prophylactic measures, critical analysis, such as Action Research and Dynamic Circle, which propose to the student the proposition of concrete actions regarding the problems exposed in the classroom.