Protocolo de adequação para as soluções alternativas coletivas de abastecimento de água das comunidades rurais do município de Campo Mourão - PR

Abstract

The drinking water supply in rural communities, historically, has not been prioritized by Brazilian public policies, which has resulted in a deficit in its service, representing a risk to the health of the population residing in these locations. In view of the vulnerability in which these areas are found, together with the incipience of studies focused on this theme, the present study aimed to develop an adequacy protocol for 15 rural communities in the Campo Mourão­PR municipality, in which the supply of water is characterized as a Collective Alternative Solution (CAS). In these communities, administrative characterization and diagnosis was carried out, in addition to the supply technique diagnosis used and the water quality, using on­site surveys, with direct observation, maps organization, semi­structured interviews, document analysis and water physicalchemical and microbiological analysis in each of the communities. The diagnosis of the studied communities confirmed the need to implement improvements, mainly with regard to the water distributed quality, financial accessibility and the management model implemented. In 73% of the CASs studied, the presence of an association provided with CNPJ was verified, however without a formalized management model and based on rules pre­established in a statute. It was also identified, in approximately 67% of the studied communities, microbiological water contamination and in 93% of the communities the water distributed monitoring to the population is not carried out. The proposed adjustments considered the deficiencies found in each community, taking into account the environmental and demographic characteristics of the locations and aspects related to the solutions management. The recommended forms of water treatment and monitoring were indicated, as provided in Consolidation Ordinance No. 5/2017, in addition to the organization of the community for better management of water resources. With regard to management models, there is shared management, through the creation of an association, with status for defining rules, as being the recommended model of organization.