Avaliação da qualidade de semente de soja em diferentes condições climáticas

Abstract

The expansion area of soybean fields has been quite significant in the latest years, and it’s been widespread in all geographical areas of the country. However, despite its potencial, this culture has been presenting several problems, namely the difficulties to produce high quality seeds, among others. Developing soybean plants is influenced by environment factors, such as temperature, rainfall, air humidity, soil moisture and photoperiod. Thus, this study aimed to provide information about the factors that affect the vigor of soybean seeds through bibliographic research, seeking a better understanding of strategies that should be considered in producing high quality seeds with high physiological potencial and evaluate soybean seeds quality in different climatic condition, by routine laboratory tests. It can be observed that genetic factors inherent in the seed, environmental factors such as availability of water and temperature, fertilization, harvest care, processing and storage care are critical to obtaining high quality seed, and if they are not properly managed, can be potential sources of deterioration of soybean seeds. In the evaluation of the cultivars in different locations, it was observed that the quality of soybean seed was more affected by climatic conditions, especially when high temperatures were associated with periods of high rainfall. As a strategy to maximize the physiological quality of the seeds, it is recommended to choose the region of cultivation and the cultivation of genotypes well adapted and in the suitable cycle in order to get the physiological maturity and harvest to occur at lower temperatures and lower rainfall.