Do senso comum ao conhecimento científico: uma proposta didático-pedagógica para o ensino de indução eletromagnética no ensino médio

Abstract

Taking into consideration the importance and the emergency of the studies and research related to the analysis and practice of Physics teaching in the High School, this dissertation has as the main goal to identify and analyze the contributions and limitations of the Physics High School books and, by its limitations, develop and test a pedagogic-didactic proposal to teach Electromagnetism, to be more specific, in relation to magnetic power and Focault theories about the efects of magnetic induction. This is a project attached to a National Professional Master Degree’s of Physics Teaching (MsNPEF) at the Technological Federal University of Parana, Campo Mourão Campus, under the supervision of the Brazilian Physics Society. To reach the proposed objective, we first, analyzed four Physics books that are being used right now at the Public Schools in Parana State in Brazil, focusing on the contents of Electromagnetic Induction and Foucault currents so that we could identify the lack and limitations of those books in relation to this content. In a second moment, we wrote a didactic material as an alternative to teach this topic for high School students, to develop and test the viability of this material in the classroom. In order to do so, we create de a unit plan and a unit content to have theoric-practical and experimental activities which tried to overcome some lacks left by those four books analyzed before. To develop this work, we took as theorical-methodological reference the Historical Culture Psychology and the Historical Critical Pedagogy. The elaborated activities were developed with two classes of the third year in the High School, both public schools. The analysis of the obtained data allowed us to diagnose that the content worked enabled that the students linked theory and practice and went effectively from the common sense to the scientific knowledge in relation to the studied topics.