Caracterização de genótipos de feijão por meio de análises de colorimetria, biometria e espectroscopia no infravermelho FTIR

Abstract

Worldwide, the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is considered as one of the most important vegetables regarding production and consumption. In the Brazilian diet it is considered a staple food which, in turn, is a source of vegetable protein. The production of such grain is accomplished by a variety of producers, and different crops and technologies are used to that end. The aim of this study was to analyze bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic techniques - FTIR, biometrics and colorimetry, as well as characterize them by chemometrics. The statistical methods used in the characterization were: factor analysis, cluster analysis by the K-Means method, PCA, correlation analysis and multiple regression. It was observed that the factors that contributed the most to the classification of bean genotypes of the studied analyzes were: mass and width (biometrics) and parameters b*, c* and L* (colorimetry). Cluster analysis was very satisfactory because it was possible to obtain very clear groups regarding the analysis of colorimetry and biometrics. In PCA was obtained three main groups by infrared analysis. The correlation analysis reported that there is a direct association between long-mass and wide-mass of grains. Multiple regression reported that the mass of grains has a strong influence on other biometric parameters evaluated. The results were generally satisfactory and good characterization of the genotypes was obtained, if taken into account that the origin of each genotype is the same and that the grains studied were not selected, but randomly separated.