Sugestões para adoção de requisitos de saúde e segurança do trabalho em projetos arquitetônicos através da exigência em código de obras

Abstract

Over the past few years it was noticeable the increasing concern about the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) at the Construction Industry, mostly because of the increasingly strictness of the related legislations. However, only the professionals and companies that are used to work directly with the building construction itself take the actions and responsibilities related to the OSH, which is often overlooked by the design professionals, who could effectively work where the most part of the accident risks are created. Prevention Through Design (PtD) is the concept that incorporate OSH requirements to the design process. The purpose of this research was the selection of previously researched PtD requirements to add to the municipal building codes and in consequence, becoming a requirement to the municipality approval of the architectural designs. To validate the PtD requirements found in previously researches, it has analyzed seven different architectural designs of residential and commercial multi-story buildings. The Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) methodology was used to evaluate how the consideration of each requirement in the project design contributes to the construction OSH. In addition, an online questionnaire was applied to some construction professionals, such as engineers and architects, in order to know their opinion about the selected requirements. Thus, it was confirmed that PtD requirements are not often considered during the design process; however, construction professionals recognize the consideration of OSH requirements at the design process as a necessity to improve the workplace safety. Thus, the selected PtD suggestions were listed and exemplified as requirements to be added to the municipal building codes.