Objetos de aprendizagem: uma sequência didática para o ensino de astronomia

Abstract

This paper proposes a didactic sequence grounded in the use of learning objects, astronomical concepts to work, especially focusing on the alternation of the seasons. The proposal was applied to a class of sixth year of a field school in a city in Paraná. For ten classes in environments such as the classroom, the schoolyard and areas outside the educational establishment, demonstrating, simulating, observing and investigating through didactic models the apparent motions of the celestial sphere and its relationship with alternating climate. For data collection a questionnaire were applied prior and the other end. The analysis of these instruments directed through discourse analysis confirmed that the students had misconceptions, such as: understand the alternation of the seasons because the approach and retraction of the Earth to the Sun; comprised a geocentric system, said the Sun "moved up "on the celestial sphere in fixed path throughout the year, rising east and setting in the west. These and other misconceptions were worked in the instructional sequence, obtaining at the end of the work important results that validated the use of educational resources produced and used together with the students. Among the results is detachable speeches that stressed the orbit with low eccentricity and the sun rising and setting at different positions of the horizon throughout the year. However, even with assistance this work some students kept their conceptions emphasizing the need for further work to address other methodologies, or even reuse the objects shown here with other approaches.