Síntese da hidroxiapatita utilizando casca de ovo de codorna como fonte alternativa de cálcio

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is the calcium phosphate most studied for application in bone and dental implants, due to its high biocompatibility and its bioactive characteristics, such as osteoinduction and osteoconduction. This research verified the feasibility of using quail eggshell as an alternative source of calcium for the production of this biomaterial. Calcium oxide obtained from quail egg shell calcination was used for the wet reaction with two different phosphate sources: phosphoric acid (H3PO4), and potassium monobasic phosphate (KH2PO4) separately. Wet method synthesis was chosen by the low cost of the equipment, the synthesis system versatility and possibilities of different characteristics of the sample obtained according to the synthesis parameters chosen. The samples were subjected to heat treatment to evaluate the effect of temperature on the morphology of the sample. The results of both syntheses were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared spectroscopy (IR). From the X-ray diffraction results, it was observed that the sample was obtained HAP, since the diffraction pattern were compatible with the record of HAP, a fact which was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy of the sample, which confirmed the synthesized phase is HAP through the phosphorus - oxygen bonds. Additionally, the analysis of scanning electron microscopy showed that the synthesis parameters employed led to the formation of aggregate particles sizes in the micrometer order. For microscopic analysis, it was possible to note that the heat treatment is more influential in the sample obtained via KH2PO4, since this sample was no change in particle shape in heat treatment temperatures above 1000 °C. It has been proved that the synthesis of HAP from both sources is achievable and that is possible to obtain HAP without other phases of calcium phosphates.