Coleta seletiva municipal: estudo de caso do município de Itapetininga/SP

Abstract

The issue of solid urban waste is an emerging problem in today's society. For nowadays, any anthropic action, regardless of its magnitude, in general, results in some kind of residue. The current challenge is to seek ways to encourage municipal administrations, private institutions and the population to have a more sustainable vision and behavior towards the issue. In this context, the purpose of this monograph was to evaluate how the selective collection program of the city of Itapetininga/SP is being carried out and how it occurs. Questionnaires and interviews were used as tools for data collection. The activities of the municipal government, the Itapetininga-Cooperita recycling cooperative, the informal collectors and the population were analyzed, as well as improvements in the performance of these agents in the selective collection program. According to the municipal government, the collection selective reaches only a part of the population, without knowing for sure the percentage covered by the program, since one part is attended by Cooperita and the other by informal collectors. However there are no data related to the independent waste gatherers, because they don't have a contract with the city hall or the cooperative. They pick up and remove the recyclable materials found on the streets or that the material donated by the city's residents for survival purposes, usually using carts they built for themselves. In the Cooperita case, the Municipality of Itapetininga issues an agreement through the Department of the Environment issues an agreement providing some subsidies to the cooperative. They work autonomously in the municipal selective collection program that following has the goals: collect, sort, compress, pack and deliver the recyclable materials to Rede Solidária Cata-vida located in the city of Sorocaba/SP. Regarding the habits of disposal of solid household waste by the population, 55% totally separate the recyclable materials, 22% partially separate and 23% do not separate. However, all the individuals questioned affirmed is important of the solid waste issue to be inserted in the environmental education in schools in order to make the population aware of this issue. In this context, the set of information obtained through the present work, indicated several needs for improvement in the selective collection program of the municipality of Itapetininga, it was recommended, in a punctual way, improvements were recommended for all agents involved. It is concluded that the municipality has a municipal selective collection program, but there is still a lot of work to be made. The proposals for improvements made by the present study may be alternatives for improving and increasing the population's adherence to the program. As a conclusion that the municipality has a municipal selective collection program, but there is still a lot of possible improvements.