Aproveitamento de resíduos de madeira (Maravalha) de pinus e bagaço de cana de açúcar para produção de chapas de madeira aglomerado

Abstract

The environment has been used as a source of raw materials for the agro-industrial sector, and the waste left over from the production process are eventually discarded in places like "dumping ground" or landfills. A waste that has been little used is the remains of the timber industries. Other waste generated in large quantities is bagasse of sugar from the sugar and alcohol plants in Brazil. The main usage of this waste is burned to generate energy for boilers, but not all of the waste generated is passed. In this context, one of the ways to reuse these wastes is the manufacture of chipboard sheets. Therefore the main objective of this work was to study the incorporation of different proportions of fibers of bagasse and pine shavings in the production of bonded wood plates as an environmentally suitable alternative for both waste disposals. The experiment consisted of five treatments in triplicate , using a completely randomized design totaling 15 panels ranging incorporation into T1 = 100 % and 0 % , T2 = 75 % and 25 % , T3 = 50 % and 50 % , T4 = 25 % and T5 = 75 % and 0 % and 100 % wood shavings and sugar cane bagasse respectively. The amount of resin was 12% and the initial density of 0.7 g/cm3. A characterization of the particles was performed as particle size, moisture content and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The panels were evaluated for physical characteristics such as density, moisture content, thickness swelling after 2 and 24 hours and water absorption after 2 and 24h. For the mechanical properties as bending, was rated the best treatment, the one that got the highest density, treatment 4. The panel's assessment was according to ABNT NBR 14810-2 (2006). The average density values ranged from pane 338 to 447 kg/m3 being classified as a low density. The average moisture values were 14.7 to 15.46 %, and did not fit within the limits stipulated by 8% norm. Regarding the thickness swelling after 2 hours the treatments 1, 4 and 5 can be classified into rules and after 24 hours of immersion lower values were found for the treatment 1 and 3. The lowest value for water absorption after 2 hours was treatment 5 and largest was for treatment 2 and after 24 hours the lowest was treatment 5 and higher in treatment 3. As regards the mechanical analysis, was chosen among five treatment groups who had the best density for performing the test was that the treatment 4, however, the value of the modulus of rupture did not meet the standard, but similar values were found in the literature. The value found for the modulus of elasticity was 897 MPa.