Produção de catalisadores a base de zinco a partir de pilhas exauridas para tratamento de poluentes orgânicos em solução aquosa

Abstract

In the present work, it was studied the production of catalysts from exhausted zinc / carbon cells, being applied in the process of degradation of textile organic dyes in aqueous solutions. For the synthesis of catalyst RP1, a 2² experimental design was carried out, having as independent variables the temperature and the drying time, being the response variable the percentage of 5G reactive blue dye degradation (100 mg L-1 and initial pH 2) by photocatalysis process (0.2 g of catalyst / 100 mL). The temperature of 50 ° C for approximately 41 hours of drying provided the best degradation percentage (92, 85%). For the degradation assay using the 4B reactive red dye (100 mg L-1) with the RP2 catalyst (0.15 g of the catalyst / 100 mL of solution), a 2² experimental design was performed, having as independent variables pH and reaction time, being a response variable the percentage of degradation of 4B reactive red dye. For this last catalyst, UV irradiation was not necessary, and the pH of 1.5 and the reaction time of 100 minutes had the best degradation percentage (99.85 %). Characterization analyzes of XRD, TXRF, SEM with EDS and FTIR microanalysis were performed to identify chemical, morphological and filtering characteristics of the catalysts used. The toxicity test used as a ioindicator Artemia salina and identified that the toxicity may be due to the acidic pH of the medium or the dyes used. Finally, the production of catalyst RP2 proved to be economically and technically feasible, indicating the otential of application of this material as a catalyst in the treatment of wastewater from textile products.