A captura, o transporte e o armazenamento de CO2 por uma perspectiva da termodinâmica: uma revisão crítica da literatura

Abstract

CO2 emissions grow every day, increasing this gas concentration in the atmosphere as well as other greenhouse gases are reaching alarming levels. This constant emission results in an imbalance, in which nature is unable to deal with it by itself. So, human actions are needed to mitigate these gases. Among many options, an alternative is the CO2 capture, transport, and storage. This process consists in capturing a CO2 issuing source containing impurities, in conditioning and in transporting the gas to an appropriate place where it will be stored. A critical review of the literature was carried out to list the main stages of this technology, as well as the important aspects for the development of this area. The subject that demands the most attention, being the basis for the whole process, is thermodynamics. Through their concepts, it was possible to list equations of state (EOS) that better describe the different CO2-impurities mixtures behavior during the process, such as cubic EOS and SPUNG EOS for hydrocarbon, SAFT EOS for CO2-H2O and GERG EOS for high temperatures and pressures. Equally important to describe the behavior of mixtures, temperature and pressure data were investigated, reaching a range, commonly used, for various impurities of 229.39 – 300.13 K and 2.54 – 25.7 MPa.