Produção de farinha de kinako a partir de variedade de soja BRS 257 e desenvolvimento e caracterização de pão de forma com kinako e chia (Salvia hispânica)

Abstract

The kinako is an integral flour obtained from the seed of roasted and ground soybean. This flour has high nutritional quality according to the content of protein, fiber, unsaturated fatty acids and bioactive compounds such as isoflavones. The isoflavones in soy are present mainly in conjugated forms (β-glucosides, acetyl and malonyl) and, to a lesser extent, in the free form (aglycone). Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of isoflavone aglycone in the prevention of chronic diseases. Some technologies have been employed for the conversion of β-glucosides isoflavones in aglycones atravéz high temperatures. In this context, this paper aims at conversion of isoflavones present in kinako using the roasting process, seeking to improve the nutritional quality and biological properties for later use as an ingredient in baked goods. Roasting was performed using a factorial design with 22, with the variables Temperature (°C) and time (min) of exposure. The process contributed to increased levels of protein, lipid and crude fiber besides improving the profile of isoflavones especially in treatment 8 (200 °C for 31 min), converting conjugated isoflavones in aglycones. From the kinako 8 obtained in the treatment along with 2% chia seed rich in unsaturated fatty acids breads four formulations varying the amount of kinako (0, 10, 20 and 30%) were prepared. By sensory analysis no significant difference (p> 0.05) for the standard formulation with 10% plus 2% kinako chia seed was observed. The conversion of isoflavones from kinako by the roasting process proved to be a promising strategy for adding nutritional value along with the chia seed bread.