Práticas em genética: elaboração de um material didático

Abstract

The teaching-learning process requires interest and motivation of the students. However, unquestionably, teachers find themselves in classrooms with unmotivated students, showing a lack of interest in theoretical classes that are often tiring. An alternative to making teaching more dynamic and attractive is the didactic models and practical classes, which help in transforming abstract knowledge into meaningful learning. These activities complement the theoretical content, which allows a greater interaction between knowledge-teacher-student, contributing in the teaching-learning process. The contents of Genetics need the aid of didactic models and practical classes, as they work with very complex and abstract concepts. However, there is the difficulty of finding materials about these contents and the few elaborated ones are dispersed in several websites and books. In this sense, the present work had as objective the development of an apostille containing practical classes and didactic models, that can help teachers and students of the High School and Higher Education regarding the concepts of Genetics. The contents were selected based on books, magazines and electronic articles. Through bibliographic research were selected and adapted the didactic models in order to help in learning the chosen contents. All the materials were made, assembled and photographed to better illustrate the work. For the preparation, materials of easy access and low cost were used. The elaborate materials were titled: A-Constructing the Three-Dimensional Structure of the DNA Molecule, B- Practical Class: Banana DNA Extraction, C-Didactic Model: Knowing RNA, D-Constructing the Model Meiosis with wool yarn; F- Practical class: Onion mitosis, G- Practical session with Drosophila melanogaster (Working on Mendel's 1st and 2nd Law), H-Numerical Chromosome Aberrations, Discovering Karyotype, I- Structural Chromosomal Aberrations: Working with EVA, J- Practice Class Blood typing, K- Sex-Linked Inheritance: Using the biological model of Drosophila melanogaster.